CPT1B and Down syndrome: Kerkel et al. (2010) similarly detected hypermethylation at one CpG site in our CPT1B DMR in peripheral blood leukocytes of individuals with Down syndrome, concomitant with significant overexpression of the gene. While we observed hypomethylation of the DMR, the positive relationship found between methylation and expression for this region was validated in our study. Of note, overexpression of CPT1B has also been found in blood from soldiers with post-traumatic stress disorder (Zhang et al., 2015), a known risk factor for developing AD (Agís-Balboa et al., 2017; Yaffe et al., 2010).