Variant C of the TGF-β1 polymorphism rs1800469 was more frequent in the patients with ANA than the controls (p = 0.0169), indicating it is a risk factor for the emergence of ANA in patients with chronic hepatitis C (OR = 2.88; CI = 1.27–6.53). This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and chronic hepatitis C virus infection.