For instance, the successful engraftment rate of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) PDXs ranged from 45.5% to 48.8% 34,38, which was similar to the engraftment rate of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive relapsed high grade ovarian cancer (HG-OC) PDXs reaching 52.9% 39. Here, ESR1 is linked to ovarian cancer.