PTPN11 and acute myeloid leukemia: Cytogenetic research in CN-AML is an increasingly popular field; mutations or the methylation status of some genes has not only been found to predict the prognosis of patients with CN-AML, but also serve as an important target for treatments 31; for example, mutations in NPM1, IDH2 and CEBPA genes have been associated with a good prognosis in CN-AM 31, 32, whereas FLT3-ITD positive, IDH1, TET2, KRAS, U2AF1 and PTPN11 mutations all predicted a poorer prognosis in AML 33-35.