TLR8 and myelodysplastic syndrome: Nevertheless, CDA is necessary for the transformation of HMAs to uridine, an activator of the toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) with potential implications for the impaired myeloid differentiation seen in MDS (Figure 1) (Ignatz-Hoover et al., 2015; Miyake et al., 2017; Furusho et al., 2019).