ATM and neoplasm: In the follow-up phase III GOLD trial (NCT01924533), a new IHC reporter assay was developed that used the same antibody clone but with different assay configurations and reagents.41 The cut-off for “ATM-low” tumours was redefined as <25% of ATM tumour cell nuclear staining (to account for increased sensitivity of new assay); however, this trial failed to meet its primary endpoint and failed to confirm the survival benefit in “ATM-low” patients that had been observed previously.42 It remains unclear whether redefining the cut-off to a lower threshold would bring a different result.