Here, we investigated the expression profile of HIV-1 associated miRNAs in HM samples collected from HIV-1 infected women and identified a total of 19 miRNAs (fold change > 1.3; P < 0.05) which were differentially expressed in women infected with HIV-1 and targeted the cellular genes that are involved in multiple biological pathways including cell cycle, pathways in cancer, viral carcinogenesis, adherens junctions, TGF-β signaling, fatty acid biosynthesis, p53 signaling and apoptosis. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and cancer.