Since Aβ peptide can lead to synapse loss by inhibiting the secretion of thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) by astrocytes [82, 83], and the P301S tauopathy mouse model exhibits decreased levels of TSP-1 in the brain [84], this upregulation of Thbs4 in neurodegenerative disease models could be compensatory to a decrease in TSP-1 levels. Here, THBS1 is linked to neurodegenerative disease.