SCAF11 and infection: To explore the nature of the cell death induced by caspase-8 upon infection in the absence of the initiators of pyroptosis, we used bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) deficient for caspases-1 and -11, or caspases-1, -11, and -12, and infected them with Salmonella. As previously reported (Franchi et al., 2006; Mariathasan et al., 2004), Casp1–/–;Casp11–/– BMDMs are protected from Salmonella-induced killing at early time points.