For example, iPSCs from Richieri-Costa-Pereira syndrome (RCPS) patients with variants in the EJC component EIF4A3 differentiated to iNCCs as well as control iPSCs, the patient iNCCs showed no defects in proliferation or apoptosis, but had defects in migration and in differentiation to NCC-derived mesenchymal stem-like cells (nMSCs) [24]. This evidence concerns the gene EIF4A3 and Richieri Costa-Pereira syndrome.