Considering the interference of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in multiple processes during carcinogenesis (e.g., ECM remodeling, angiogenesis, bioenergetics, cancer cells stemness, response to therapies and immune surveillance), their ability to promote TGF-β-mediated EMT, invasion and metastasis started to be evaluated. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is cancer.