Protein targets include optineurin (OPTN) (ALS12) and p62 (SQSTM1) (FTDALS3), two ALS-FTD associated genes (Maruyama et al., 2010; Rea et al., 2014) and mutations in both of these genes have been found along with TBK1 mutations in patients (Pottier et al., 2015; Borghero et al., 2016; Dols-Icardo et al., 2018; Lattante et al., 2019). This evidence concerns the gene TBK1 and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.