PD-L1 gene alterations are associated with response to PD-1 blockade in DLBCL and PD-L1 alterations have been used to identify a unique biological subset of DLBCL in which an endogenous anti-lymphoma immune response has been activated, and is associated with responsiveness to PD-1 blockade therapy [83]. Here, PDCD1 is linked to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.