MTOR and autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome: Indeed, although many reports have demonstrated the role of PIK3/AKT/mTOR and NFkB pathways in lymphomagenesis [28,29], their constitutive activation, seen in APDS and IL10 receptor deficiency, respectively, and the defective apoptosis pathway characterising ALPS, result in the uncontrolled proliferation of lymphoid cells [16,17,19].