CD4 and Granuloma: Both SIV infection (that infects and depletes CCR5+ CD4 T cells [37]) and CD4 depletion during LTBI induced similar rates of subclinical reactivation, based on the strict definition of detection of a new granuloma by PET CT (and confirmed at necropsy), but the bacterial burden and severity of dissemination was worse in the Mtb/SIV group.