Previous studies detected no difference in cord blood VEGF concentrations at birth between preterm and term infants,31 between preterm infants who later developed ROP and those who did not develop this disease in a gestational age-matched case–control study,32 or between ROP and non-ROP infants at 32 or 36 weeks.33 In this study, circulatory VEGF-A and VEGF-D concentrations in ROP patients were significantly higher than those in infants with congenital cataract. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is retinopathy of prematurity.