ATG7 and pancreatic neoplasm: To confirm that Wnt/β-catenin signaling and autophagy protect against gemcitabine toxicity in pancreatic cancer cells, we further investigated whether Wnt/β-catenin signaling or autophagy inhibition would enhance the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells to gemcitabine using XAV-939 (a small-molecule inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling) and chloroquine (CQ, an autophagy inhibitor) or small interfering RNA targeting β-catenin and ATG7, which are critical proteins in Wnt/β-catenin signaling and autophagy, respectively.