TP53 and glioma: To clarify the differences in p53 codon 72 polymorphisms among people of different ethnicities in spite of the lack of a healthy control group, the distribution of the p53 codon 72 polymorphisms in the germline DNA of our patient cohort was compared to data for healthy controls in previously published studies, including healthy controls from the Taiwan population only [16–23], and for global glioma cases from the PubMed database [24–32] (Fig. 5).