Paclitaxel (PTX), one of the most effective traditional chemotherapeutical agents used for the clinical treatment of cancer, has multiple immune modulation abilities by selectively decreasing regulatory T cell (Treg) populations 5, promoting calreticulin (CRT) transduction to enhance vaccine effect 6, and inhibiting myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and chronic inflammation in the spontaneous melanoma model 7. The gene discussed is CALR; the disease is melanoma.