Culturing dissociated single tumour cells in Matrigel with a cocktail medium of niche factors (WNT-3A, R-Spondin, etc.)enabled us to develop ovarian cancer organoids from different histologic subtypes (HGSC, EM, CCC) of stage I–III ovarian cancer patients within 1–3 weeks (Fig. 1A, Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene RSPO1 and neoplasm.