DPP4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: To better understand the relationship between DPP4 activity, sDPP4 and inflammation, we herein examine the consequences of DPP4 inhibition on DPP4 activity, levels of sDPP4 and biomarkers of inflammation in multiple tissues, including the plasma compartment of mice fed a high fat, fructose and cholesterol diet (HFFC) and in humans with T2D and established cardiovascular disease30.