The OPG and RUNX 2 positive-staining area increased (CS vs. diabetes, p < 0.01, Met vs. diabetes, p < 0.01) and the RANKL positive-staining area decreased after CS or metformin treatment (CS vs. diabetes, p < 0.01, Met vs. diabetes, p < 0.01). The gene discussed is TNFSF11; the disease is diabetes mellitus.