For example, the laboratory of Francisco Quintana recently identified astrocytes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and MS, characterized by the reduced expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) and the high expression of MAF bZIP transcription factor G (MAFG), resulting in the repression of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory transcriptional programs in astrocytes [36]. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.