IGF1 and retinopathy of prematurity: VEGF and many other molecules such as insulin-like growth factor-1, hypoxia-inducible factor-1, and reactive oxygen species, may be involved in the onset of ROP (108); however, Sato et al. reported that the vitreous concentrations of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines are increased in patients with ROP (13), which suggests an association between inflammation and ROP pathogenesis.