CD4 and infection: High-dimensional immune profiling by mass cytometry found that, compared with healthy donors, the proportions of B cells, CD4+CD8+ double-positive T cells (DPTs), naïve CD4+ T cells, and TGF-β+CD28- naïve CD4+ T cells in infected patients were generally increased, whereas CD8+ T cells, regardless of whether they belonged to the effector, naïve, or memory subsets, declined constantly during the progression of infection (Wang W. et al., 2020).