T2DM patients with AF who had a history of using aspirin and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEs/ARBs) were significantly associated with higher odds of initiating warfarin adjusted OR 1.5 (95% CI 1.4–1.7) and 1.1 (95% CI 1.0–1.3), respectively. Here, ACE is linked to atrial fibrillation.