Although the host response to high- and low-virulent strains of C. albicans displays major qualitative and kinetic differences at the onset of infection, activation of C. albicans-specific Th17 immunity is conserved across isolates.45,48 Importantly, IL-17 signaling is essential for regulating stable colonization and for preventing fungal overgrowth, irrespective of the strain of C. albicans analyzed.45 The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is infection.