Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive x-linked muscle-wasting disease that affects approximately one in 4000 male births (Emery et al., 2015) in which mutations in the dystrophin gene result in production of a truncated, non-functional dystrophin protein (Hoffman et al., 1987; Monaco et al., 1986). The gene discussed is DMD; the disease is Duchenne muscular dystrophy.