In the training set, elevated BMI (OR = 1.974, CI = 1.532–2.544), waist circumference (OR = 1.830, CI = 1.404–2.386), serum triglyceride (OR = 1.675, CI = 1.384–2.027), ALT (OR = 1.896, CI = 1.554–2.315), fried food consumption (OR = 2.246, CI = 1.559–3.237), and the presence of diabetes (OR = 3.981, CI = 1.847–8.582), and hyperuricemia (OR = 1.786, CI = 1.169–2.730) were associated with a higher risk of NAFLD, while higher serum HDL-c (OR = 0.829, CI = 0.686–0.998) and tuber consumption (OR = 0.506, CI = 0.351–0.731) were associated with a lower risk of the disease. This evidence concerns the gene GPT and diabetes mellitus.