Investigations of impaired immunity to non-Typhoid Salmonella (NTS) co-infections during malaria have reported that the activities of HO-1 and IL-10, which are produced during active Plasmodium infection, play an important role in the increased severity of bacterial infection (Cunnington et al., 2011; Lokken et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and bacterial infectious disease.