CTLA4 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: Drugs targeting the programmed death (PD)-1/PD-ligand-1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen (CTLA)-4 pathways have been approved, either as monotherapy or in combination with other agents, for management of locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by the United States (U.S.)Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and other regulatory agencies around the world (Table 1).