The correlation between oxidative stress and PD is also reflected in the changes of familial risk factors for PD, such α-syn, PINK1 (pten-induced kinase 1), Parkin (E3 ubiquitin ligase PARK2), DJ-1 (PARK7), and LRRK2 (leucine-rich repeat kinase 2). This evidence concerns the gene PARK7 and Parkinson disease.