Novartis Pharmaceuticals are recruiting patients for phase I/II clinical trials to characterize the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of the anti-TIM-3 antibody MGB453 as a single agent or combined with anti-PD-1 antibody (PDR001) and/or chemotherapy drugs to treat patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), high risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), or advanced solid tumors (NCT03066648, NCT02608268, NCT03946670). Here, PDCD1 is linked to myelodysplastic syndrome.