MAVS and viral infectious disease: As the host's frontline defense against viral infection, antiviral innate immunity is mainly triggered by the interaction between pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), followed by the activation of downstream adaptor proteins, such as stimulator of interferon genes (STING), mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor (TRAFs), Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β (TRIF), and some other adaptors, which contribute to the induction of type I interferons (IFN-I).