Feeding with a ketone ester-rich diet increased SIRT3 expression and prevented PV and CR neuron degeneration in Sirt3+/–AppPs1 AD mice, indicating that the aggravated GABAergic neuronal loss seen in these mice may be caused by reductions in SIRT3 that could be rescued by increased SIRT3 expression (Cheng et al., 2019). The gene discussed is SIRT3; the disease is Alzheimer disease.