CIB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Recent in vitro studies have shown that two known mechanisms of epigenetic alteration consisting, methylation and histone deacetylation seem to be the best candidate mechanisms for inactivation of CIP/KIP family in numerous cancers such as gastric cancer (Shin et al., 2000; Borges et al., 2010), lung cancer (Fang et al., 2002), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pancreatic cancers, and acute myeloid leukemia (Kikuchi et al., 2002), and colon cancer (Colo-320 and SW1116) (Fang et al., 2004).