In this study, using KC mice crossed with leptin deficient ob/ob mice (KCO), obesity accelerates PDAC development through changes in the local pancreatic microenvironment, which is driven by increased pancreatic islet (β-cells)-secreted CCK acting locally on pancreatic acinar cells and accelerating ADM formation [73]. Here, LEP is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.