TGFB1 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma: EBV-associated NPC is characterized by a significant T lymphocyte infiltrate, although evidence suggests that the majority of T lymphocytes in the tumour microenvironment are functionally impaired, possibly as a consequence of IL-10 and TGFβ, which are induced by the EBV-encoded EBER1 and LMP1 proteins in NPC cells [28,29,30].