TLR2 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: In a recent study, we also demonstrated the acute activation of TLR-2, -3 and -4 in porcine adipocytes by their ligand stimulation resulted in overexpression of several cytokines and chemokines including interleukin 8 (IL-8), IL-6 and the C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) [26], which were reported to be linked with obesity-related inflammatory responses in adipocytes [27].