Furthermore, EVs isolated from PBMCs treated with IFN-α can inhibit DENV3-5532 infection in PBMCs, suggesting that EVs could be a communication pathway between immune cells to share defense signals during flavivirus infection to inhibit viral replication and reduce viral infection, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5 [9]. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is Flavivirus Infections.