IL6 and cryptococcosis: Although most capsular products are typically considered to be immunosuppressive, it has been shown that capsular products (including GXM, GalXM, and mannoprotein) can also induce monocyte-derived IL-6 production [45]; IL-6 is protective during cryptococcosis, but has also been shown to stimulate HIV replication in monocytes, thus the role of cryptococcal-derived products on the host immune response is complex, and the underlying immune status of the patient may significantly alter how these products affect monocyte function in vivo [45,73].