CD274 and AIDS: In cryptococcosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (C-IRIS), a clinical condition that develops in a large number of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) patients following antiretroviral therapy, there is an increased frequency of monocyte subsets with expression of activated monocyte markers (programmed death-ligand PD-L1 and alpha chain of interleukin-2 receptor CD25), implying that activation of monocytes may play a role in the development of C-IRIS [65].