Moreover, the percentage of GM-CSF-expressing Th1 cells (phenotyped as CD3+ CD8- IFN-γ+ GM-CSF+ cells) out of the total Th1 cells (phenotyped as CD3+ CD8- IFN-γ+ cells) was higher in in vitro stimulated PBMS from MS patients when compared to those from HCs (HCs n 10, MS n = 9, p = 0.024 unpaired t-test, Figure 1B, Figure S1). Here, CD8A is linked to myeloid sarcoma.