NFE2L2 and diabetic kidney disease: Notably, treatment with exosomes from the genetically-modified ADSC could markedly improve wound healing, the levels of growth factor expressions, and anti-inflammatory effects in diabetic rats after an overexpression of transcription factor nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in ADSC [80], which displayed a protective role against oxidative stress in a diabetic nephropathy animal model [155].