Several in vivo attempts can be found in the literature in which LIF injection or overexpression via implantation of LIF-producing cells in mouse models can promote anti-inflammatory signalling through IL-12 [39], suppress type 2 immunity in muscular dystrophic mouse model [40] and inhibit Th17 response in inflamed colon of inflammatory bowel disease models [41]. Here, LIF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.