Perhaps compounding the effect of the changing nutritional and physical activity environment, however, is a recently identified genetic variant, rs373863828 (CREB 3 regulatory factor, CREBRF: c.1370G>A p.[R457Q]), which is associated with increased odds of obesity, but paradoxically, decreased odds of diabetes [5]. This evidence concerns the gene CREBRF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.