TNF and chronic lung disease: More recent studies have reported reduction in pulmonary IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α levels upon administering inhaled furosemide to patients with conditions including tachypnea (Armed Forces Hospital Pakistan, 2016; University of Cologne, 2012), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (University of North Carolina et al., 2015) and chronic lung disease (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 2014; McGill University, 2016; Oxford Brookes University, 2015).