LCN2 and acute kidney injury: Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels and urinary Interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels have shown a significant difference between each category of AKI.111-113 Urinary NGAL and IL-18 level is high in ATN; intermediate levels are seen in HRS and low levels in prerenal azotemia.