As expected, it was observed that the protein level of cleaved GSDMD was markedly increased in the post-cardiac arrest brain, with the elevated mRNA and protein levels of GSDMD (Fig. 3d-f), which implies that caspase-1 is cleaved and activated after cardiac arrest, leading to the downstream cleavage of GSDMD and pyroptosis. This evidence concerns the gene CASP1 and cardiac arrest.