IL-10-deficient mice (IL-10−/−) not raised in a defined specific-pathogen-free (SPF) environment develop a spontaneous gut inflammation, called enterocolitis, that is characterized by weight loss and anemia at the age of 4–6 weeks, lethal up to the age of 3 months [4], and is most severe in the colon, involving the small intestine to a lesser extent. Here, IL10 is linked to enterocolitis.