VCAM1 and aortic valve calcification: Moreover, circulation VCAM1 is reported to be associated with greater coronary artery disease risk in chronic inflammatory conditions.[58] ITGAX, also known as CD11c, is highly expressed in CD11c-positive (M1) macrophages which involved in inflammatory response.[59] The shift of macrophage toward higher proportional CD11c-positive phenotype promotes the osteogenic differentiation of AVICs and aortic valve calcification.[59]